學術論文寫作格式推薦

semiquantitatie analysis of the autoradiographs放射自顯影半劑量分析the higher the diffusion rate,the higher thdchance of each newlyiodinated tgb molecule cominginto repeated contact with the peroxidase site at theapical membrane彌散率越高,新碘化的tgb分子與實膜過氧物酶部位所接觸的機會越多。

有些雜誌,某些作者除採用正標題之外,還採用副標題,這種情況在國外刊物上的各類論文中可謂俯拾即是。採用副標題,一般是在正標題過於簡單、籠統的情況下,起到補充和系統説明正題等的作用,或是要強調某一個方面或幾個方面,以其引起讀者注意等等。ultra-low-volume administration:systemsevaluation and date analysis超低量用藥一系列評價和數據分析(補充正題)。medical chemotherapy works forbreast cancer with involved nodes醫學新聞:輔助性化學療法對伴有淋巴結轉移的乳腺癌奏效(説明上題)。unresolved issue:do smokers catch less lungcancer?尚未解決的問題:吸煙者患肺癌少嗎?(提醒人們注意吸煙者患肺癌的數量增加)。

有時,為了避免標題太長而使用縮寫詞。effect of lats(=long-acting thyroid stimula-tor)and lats protectoron htaca(=human thy-roid adeny cyclase activity)長效甲狀腺刺激素和長效甲狀腺刺激素保護物對人體甲狀腺甙酸環化酶活性的作用。考慮文章較長,可在統一的標題下,用不同的副標題分成若干相對獨立的篇章。例如:factors influ-encing one's ability to adopt to chronic illness影響個人對慢性疾病適應能力的因素(1)care保健;(2)technology技術學;(3)family relation-ships家庭關係;(4)developmental level發展水平(研究標準);(5)cultural valuesand beliefs文化價值和信仰。

abstract(summary)摘要、提要

這部分是對整篇文章的高度概括或濃縮,故要簡單、明瞭。常用的詞彙和句型有:somebody studied(examined investigated,determined,found,reported,interviewed,measured,documented,considered,though evaluated,observed,…)。運用這些動詞,所採用的時態通常是一般過去時和現在完成時。被動語態也屢見不鮮,常見有:this study was taken to ex-amine… ;patients with…were followed up for+時間;it is showed that… ;it is concluded that… ;indicationswere obtained that… ,等。結尾時常用的表達方法有:the results indicate(show,state,suggest,demon-strate,conclude,express…)that… ;these findingshave special importance in showing that… ;the find-ings have general significance in that… ;this possibilityis strengthening by the observation that… ,等等。例:

enzyme linkel immunosorbent assay(elisa)isused to the detection for antibody of anti-thy oglobulinin normal human serum,cord serum,and amniotic results demonstrate that it seemed to be an cer-tain rule that the lower appeared in the amniotic fluid,the highest in cord body is decreasing for anormal level with the grown-up age after isthus concluded that antibody of anti-thyroglobulin wemeasured may play a certain significance in diagnosis ofcretinism by elisa.作者採用elisa對正常人的血清、臍帶血清和羊水中的抗甲狀腺球蛋白抗體進行了測定。其結果有一定規律:抗體在胎生期首先出現,分娩時濃度達高峯,而後隨年齡增長逐漸降至正常水平。故測定該抗體對地方克汀病之診斷有一定意義。